Censorship:
What authority do school officials have to control the content of high school student media?
First Amendment Freedoms
(Promise of the government to respect individual rights):
-Speech
-Assembly
-Religion
-Press
-Petition
*First Amendment rights are not unlimited
Public vs. Private Schools
Public-
*Government Agencies, public schools are limited by the first amendment in their ability to censor
Private-
*First Amendment doesn't regulate behavior of private schools, state law or school policy could provide legal protections for student press though
Court Cases-
Tinker vs. Demoines (1969):
Ruled in favor of Tinker*
*Freedom of speech protected in schools, except when it is unlawful or "physically disruptive" (can start a riot or takes away from the order within schools)
Bethel School District vs Fraser (1986):
Ruled in favor of the school*
*School officials can censor student speech that is vulgar or indecent, even if it does not cause
"a material or substantial disruption." Schools are trying to teach the boundaries of appropriate social behavior.
Hazelwood standard- "reasonably related to legitimate pedagogical concerns" (Is there reasonable educational justification?)
Morse vs. Frederick- Olympic torch travels through Alaska town, students have day off and hold up a sign on the side of the street near the school that says "Bong hits for jesus", students suspended for 10 days, students sue school, Supreme court rules in favor of the school because the students were at a school authorized event
Student websites-
*sites that are offensive, obnoxious, and insulting
*sites that are offensive, obnoxious, and insulting and also contain a 'veiled' threat of violence
*sites that contain outright blatant threats
Libel
Publication of a false statement of fact that seriously harms someones's reputation
Red Flag Statements
Accusations of illegal conduct or involvement with criminal justice system
Sexual misconduct
Associated with "loathsome diseases"
Lying
Unfit for business
Academic problems
Racial/Religious/Ethnic bigotry
Financial instability; lack of creditworthiness
Friday, May 1, 2009
Thursday, April 30, 2009
Lightning press back issues
What Back Issues Can Tell Us:
1. What stories are covered every year?
Homecoming stories,
• What time of year did these stories run?
• Are any of the same people involved year after year?
2. What was the biggest story of each year?
3. How many personality sketches of students were run each year?
• What types of students were interviewed? (athletes, student leaders, etc.)
• Was any one student constantly featured in one year? Why?
• Do you think this was fair?
4. How many personality sketches of faculty were run each year?
• Which teachers were featured?
• Why those particular people?
5. What full page features (or center spreads) did the publication carry?
• Are any of those topics still relevant?
6. What was a great year(s) for sports teams? Activities?
• Did the school have any state champions?
• Olympic performers?• Other honors?
7. Find a story that uses background information from previous years.
8. What topics did the paper editorialize about each year?
• What stand did the paper take?
• Has the problem been solved or is it still an issue?
9. What major news did the paper carry about classes?
• Any curriculum changes?
• Any major new programs?
10. Any new equipment?
• Any building programs?
11. Any scandals involving students, administrators, or teachers?
• What happened?
12. What changes in fashion among students can be found?
13. What signs of changing times can you find as mirrored in the concerns of students?
• What concerns never seem to change and would continue to make good stories year after year?14. Did the school have any championship academic teams?
• Art show winners?
• Band or choir awards?
• Science winners?
• National honors?
15. Which clubs were most active?
16. What campus events made the most news?
17. What movies and music groups has the paper reviewed?
18. What issues did cartoonists choose?
19. How has the publication’s format changed?
20. Did the demographics of your student population change? Why?
21. What are the school’s traditions and how did they develop?
• Who are the school’s traditional rivals? (Could vary between activites.)
• How did the rivalry begin?
22. What are five things most interesting about EVHS?
1. What stories are covered every year?
Homecoming stories,
• What time of year did these stories run?
• Are any of the same people involved year after year?
2. What was the biggest story of each year?
3. How many personality sketches of students were run each year?
• What types of students were interviewed? (athletes, student leaders, etc.)
• Was any one student constantly featured in one year? Why?
• Do you think this was fair?
4. How many personality sketches of faculty were run each year?
• Which teachers were featured?
• Why those particular people?
5. What full page features (or center spreads) did the publication carry?
• Are any of those topics still relevant?
6. What was a great year(s) for sports teams? Activities?
• Did the school have any state champions?
• Olympic performers?• Other honors?
7. Find a story that uses background information from previous years.
8. What topics did the paper editorialize about each year?
• What stand did the paper take?
• Has the problem been solved or is it still an issue?
9. What major news did the paper carry about classes?
• Any curriculum changes?
• Any major new programs?
10. Any new equipment?
• Any building programs?
11. Any scandals involving students, administrators, or teachers?
• What happened?
12. What changes in fashion among students can be found?
13. What signs of changing times can you find as mirrored in the concerns of students?
• What concerns never seem to change and would continue to make good stories year after year?14. Did the school have any championship academic teams?
• Art show winners?
• Band or choir awards?
• Science winners?
• National honors?
15. Which clubs were most active?
16. What campus events made the most news?
17. What movies and music groups has the paper reviewed?
18. What issues did cartoonists choose?
19. How has the publication’s format changed?
20. Did the demographics of your student population change? Why?
21. What are the school’s traditions and how did they develop?
• Who are the school’s traditional rivals? (Could vary between activites.)
• How did the rivalry begin?
22. What are five things most interesting about EVHS?
Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Notes on journalism
Definition:
Define “Journalism” in 1-3 sentences.
The reporting of relevant, newsworthy, current events through the internent or any print media
List and describe the six criteria of newsworthiness.
TITLE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
1. Timeliness- How current an issue is. Example; Swine Flu (recent outbreak which is currently spreading)
2. Unusualness- Events that don't have very often. Example; Octuplets/Octa-mom
3. Proximity- How close the audience is to the issue. Example; Local sections of the Star Tribune
4. Significance- Major events, impacting a large audience. Example; 9/11, Hurricane Katrina
5. Prominence- Famous/Well known people and events. Example; Celebrities
6. Human interest- A feel good story, usually uplifting. Example; Dolphin born at zoo
What are the advantages of print journalism?
1. Ability to choose what you want, when you want
2. Goes into greater depth, more details compared to broadcast journalism
3. Easier to archive and have less mistakes as they are more permanent
What are the advantages of broadcast journalism?
1. More current than print journalism- can be updated more frequently
2. More interesting to the general public than print media-visually dynamic
3. Free
Why has online journalism (convergent media) become so popular?
Online journalism is free, has both video and audio as well as print, can be updated constantly around the clock, is more current, there are multiple sources in one spot, information is available whenever you want to read or watch it.
Define “Journalism” in 1-3 sentences.
The reporting of relevant, newsworthy, current events through the internent or any print media
List and describe the six criteria of newsworthiness.
TITLE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE
1. Timeliness- How current an issue is. Example; Swine Flu (recent outbreak which is currently spreading)
2. Unusualness- Events that don't have very often. Example; Octuplets/Octa-mom
3. Proximity- How close the audience is to the issue. Example; Local sections of the Star Tribune
4. Significance- Major events, impacting a large audience. Example; 9/11, Hurricane Katrina
5. Prominence- Famous/Well known people and events. Example; Celebrities
6. Human interest- A feel good story, usually uplifting. Example; Dolphin born at zoo
What are the advantages of print journalism?
1. Ability to choose what you want, when you want
2. Goes into greater depth, more details compared to broadcast journalism
3. Easier to archive and have less mistakes as they are more permanent
What are the advantages of broadcast journalism?
1. More current than print journalism- can be updated more frequently
2. More interesting to the general public than print media-visually dynamic
3. Free
Why has online journalism (convergent media) become so popular?
Online journalism is free, has both video and audio as well as print, can be updated constantly around the clock, is more current, there are multiple sources in one spot, information is available whenever you want to read or watch it.
Friday, April 17, 2009
Superbowl commercials
Company: NFL GameDay PlayStation
Target Audience: Males 15-35
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor/Action, a few friends are playing the game and they tackle each other to get the last piece of pizza
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? The first shot shows a man walking up towards his friends sitting on the couch, standing in front of a the last piece of pizza. The next shot shows all of the guys diving towards the camera/piece of pizza
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Live in our world, play in yours"/"Want even tougher tackles?"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? The guys in the commercial tackling each other mirror what happens in the game, since they get into a 'tough' pileup it gets the message across that the game is just as rough.
-----------------------------------
Company: Budweiser
Target Audience: Males 21-50
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor, two teams of horses are playing some kind of game, a zebra is the referee of the game, there are two men who are spectators.
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? They show a video that the 'referee' is watching first, rewinding it over and over, and then the camera cuts to a wider shot of both teams of horses, the spectators, and the referee in the middle watching the tape on a screen.
What is the slogan/message for the company? 'Budweiser'
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It's not necessarily relevant, but the humor is memorable and people will remember the ad and associate it's humor with the company.
----------------------------------
Company: Chrysler- Crossfire
Target Audience: Females/Males 18-40
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)?
Celebrity, Celine Dion
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? There were harsh cuts to different shots of the car-the wheels, doors, etc. set to the beat of the song.
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Drive and love"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not?It showcased the car while hinting that Celine Dion likes driving the car.
-----------------------------------
Company: Pepsi
Target Audience: pepsi drinkers 15-35
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor/ Celebrity -- The Osbournes and the Osmonds.
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? Editing was used to show that Ozzy was dreaming when his kids turned into the Osmonds
What is the slogan/message for the company? "It's the twist of a great thing"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It used humor and celebrities, making it memorable, the viewers will associate the product with those celebrities
------------------------------------
Company: FedEx
Target Audience: older homeowners
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor- A man is stranded on an island for 5 years and delivers a package he swore not to open, he finds out that there were survival supplies he could have used inside the package
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? While the man is telling his story the camera cuts to flash backs of him on the island-shows how he was stranded
What is the slogan/message for the company? "FedEx express"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It uses humor to portray how dedicated FedEx workers are
------------------------------------
Company: Dodge
Target Audience: Males 18-50
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor-a man is choking and his friend speeds up his truck and then suddenly stops to dislodge the food from his throat
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? Along with shots of the two men in the cars, the camera cuts to shots of the car itself showcasing the actual product.
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Grab life by the horns"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It
------------------------------------
Company: Gatorade
Target Audience: younger basketball fans/gatorade drinkers
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Celebrity, Michael Jordan and two other basketball players whose names are also Mike I guess?
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Is it in you?"
Was the message effective? Not really
Why or why not? The product itself is only shown for a few seconds and the Ad was a little bit confusing if you aren't a basketball fan
---------------------------------------------
Company: ESPN sports center
Target Audience: ESPN viewers
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Celebrity
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company? "This is Sports Center"
Was the message effective?
Why or why not?
------------------------------------
Company: H&R Block
Target Audience: Adults who are music fans
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor/ Celebrity- Willy Nelson is forced to do a commercial he doesn't want to do because he owes money to the IRS
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company? "We'll find what others miss"
Was the message effective?
Why or why not?
------------------------------------
Company: BudLight
Target Audience:
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)?
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company?
Was the message effective?
Why or why not?
Target Audience: Males 15-35
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor/Action, a few friends are playing the game and they tackle each other to get the last piece of pizza
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? The first shot shows a man walking up towards his friends sitting on the couch, standing in front of a the last piece of pizza. The next shot shows all of the guys diving towards the camera/piece of pizza
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Live in our world, play in yours"/"Want even tougher tackles?"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? The guys in the commercial tackling each other mirror what happens in the game, since they get into a 'tough' pileup it gets the message across that the game is just as rough.
-----------------------------------
Company: Budweiser
Target Audience: Males 21-50
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor, two teams of horses are playing some kind of game, a zebra is the referee of the game, there are two men who are spectators.
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? They show a video that the 'referee' is watching first, rewinding it over and over, and then the camera cuts to a wider shot of both teams of horses, the spectators, and the referee in the middle watching the tape on a screen.
What is the slogan/message for the company? 'Budweiser'
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It's not necessarily relevant, but the humor is memorable and people will remember the ad and associate it's humor with the company.
----------------------------------
Company: Chrysler- Crossfire
Target Audience: Females/Males 18-40
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)?
Celebrity, Celine Dion
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? There were harsh cuts to different shots of the car-the wheels, doors, etc. set to the beat of the song.
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Drive and love"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not?It showcased the car while hinting that Celine Dion likes driving the car.
-----------------------------------
Company: Pepsi
Target Audience: pepsi drinkers 15-35
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor/ Celebrity -- The Osbournes and the Osmonds.
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? Editing was used to show that Ozzy was dreaming when his kids turned into the Osmonds
What is the slogan/message for the company? "It's the twist of a great thing"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It used humor and celebrities, making it memorable, the viewers will associate the product with those celebrities
------------------------------------
Company: FedEx
Target Audience: older homeowners
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor- A man is stranded on an island for 5 years and delivers a package he swore not to open, he finds out that there were survival supplies he could have used inside the package
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? While the man is telling his story the camera cuts to flash backs of him on the island-shows how he was stranded
What is the slogan/message for the company? "FedEx express"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It uses humor to portray how dedicated FedEx workers are
------------------------------------
Company: Dodge
Target Audience: Males 18-50
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor-a man is choking and his friend speeds up his truck and then suddenly stops to dislodge the food from his throat
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message? Along with shots of the two men in the cars, the camera cuts to shots of the car itself showcasing the actual product.
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Grab life by the horns"
Was the message effective? Yes
Why or why not? It
------------------------------------
Company: Gatorade
Target Audience: younger basketball fans/gatorade drinkers
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Celebrity, Michael Jordan and two other basketball players whose names are also Mike I guess?
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company? "Is it in you?"
Was the message effective? Not really
Why or why not? The product itself is only shown for a few seconds and the Ad was a little bit confusing if you aren't a basketball fan
---------------------------------------------
Company: ESPN sports center
Target Audience: ESPN viewers
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Celebrity
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company? "This is Sports Center"
Was the message effective?
Why or why not?
------------------------------------
Company: H&R Block
Target Audience: Adults who are music fans
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)? Humor/ Celebrity- Willy Nelson is forced to do a commercial he doesn't want to do because he owes money to the IRS
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company? "We'll find what others miss"
Was the message effective?
Why or why not?
------------------------------------
Company: BudLight
Target Audience:
What persuasive method used (humor, action, celebrity, human interest, etc.)?
How were camera shots and editing used to enhance the message?
What is the slogan/message for the company?
Was the message effective?
Why or why not?
Thursday, April 16, 2009
Advertising-Maxim
1. 950,000 (11.25 million)
2. 48% (34%)
3. 79% (80%)
4. $65,000 ($63,000)
5. 98% (78%)
6. 56% (73%)
7. 81% (66%)
8. 30% (80%)
9. $27,000 ($156,000)
2. 48% (34%)
3. 79% (80%)
4. $65,000 ($63,000)
5. 98% (78%)
6. 56% (73%)
7. 81% (66%)
8. 30% (80%)
9. $27,000 ($156,000)
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